Influence of dry and wet periods on winter crop yield for the southeast region of Buenos Aires
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35305/curiham.ed24.e07Keywords:
SPEI, Wheat, Barley, Agricultural ProductivityAbstract
In this work, the impact of dry and wet periods on the yield of wheat and barley crops in the southeast of the province of Buenos Aires is studied. The Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was used to evaluate the degree of drought/humidity condition of each period. On the other hand, crop yield data at the district level from the Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries of Argentina were used. Using a quadratic model, the SPEI-yield relationship was analyzed for the period 2001-2023. Based on a multi-scale analysis, it was determined that the vertical water balance between pre-sowing and the critical period (May-October) is crucial for the final productivity of winter crops in the study area. SPEI-yield relationships were found with correlation coefficients of 0.76 for wheat and 0.68 for barley with SPEI two months before harvest. Finally, similar impacts on the yield of the crops analyzed were observed for both high/extreme drought and humidity conditions, with reductions of between 27% and 34%, with a better response by barley to extreme conditions.
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